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Chapter 4: Unit and Lesson Planning

By Abdul-Latif Ahmed - April 29, 2023

Chapter 4: Unit and Lesson Planning Chapter Overview You are now ready to consider planning and its relationship to the decisions you will make in the classroom. Planning is the systematic process of deciding what and how your students should learn. Teachers make one such decision on average every 2 minutes they are teaching, according to an estimate by Clark and Peterson (1986). However, these thinking "on your feet" decisions are only part of the decision-making process. Teachers also make many other decisions about the form and content of their instruction, such as: how much presenting, questioning, and discussing to do; how much material to cover in the allotted time; and how in-depth to make their instruction. In chapter 3 you saw the importance of goals and objectives in the planning process. Now let's consider three other factors in the planning process: knowledge of the learner, knowledge of your subject matter, and knowledge of teaching methods. This chapte...

Chapter 3: Goals and Objectives

By Abdul-Latif Ahmed - April 29, 2023

Chapter 3: Goals and Objectives Chapter Overview Chapters 1 and 2 introduced some important teaching behaviours expected of you and some individual differences among your students you can expect to see in your classroom. This chapter and the next show you how to plan and organize who, what, and how you will teach in ways that reach all of your students, whatever their differences may be. First, let's consider the distinction among standards, goals, and objectives and how they can help you reach all of your students. This chapter introduced you to instructional objectives. Its key terms and main points were: Standards, Goals, and Objectives Standards are expressions of societal values that provide a sense of direction broad enough to be accepted by large numbers of individuals. Goals are expressions of societal values that provide a sense of direction broad enough to be accepted by large numbers of individuals . Standards identify what will be learned from your instr...

Chapter 2: Understanding Your Students

By Abdul-Latif Ahmed - April 28, 2023

Chapter 2: Understanding Your Students Chapter Overview Chapter 1 explained that teaching is not simply the transmission of knowledge from teacher to learner but rather is the interaction of teacher with learner. This chapter discusses the decisions you must make about whom you will teach. In subsequent chapters, we consider the decisions you must make about what and how you will teach. Not so long ago, students were viewed as empty vessels into which the teacher poured the contents of the day's lesson. Teachers perceived their task to be the skilled transmission of appropriate grade-level content as it appeared in texts, curriculum guides, workbooks, and the academic disciplines. Contradictions arose from such a simplistic definition of teaching and learning. For example, this definition could not explain why some students get poor grades and others good ones even when the teacher is skilled at transmitting the contents of the day's lesson. Nor could it explain why som...